Tax
27 articles
What is an HUF and how much income tax can it actually save?
A Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) is a separate tax entity with its own PAN, exemption limit, 80C, and slabs — effectively a second taxpayer in the family. It saves tax on genuine family income like ancestral property rent. But you cannot route your salary through it, and funding it with your own assets triggers clubbing. Here's how it really works.
Do I need to file an ITR if my employer already deducts TDS from my salary?
TDS and ITR are not the same thing. TDS is tax paid on your behalf; the ITR reconciles your total income and tax. Filing is mandatory if your income exceeds the basic exemption limit (₹4L new regime) — regardless of TDS. And it's the only way to claim refunds of excess TDS or carry forward losses.
What happens if you miss the July 31 ITR deadline: belated returns, penalties, and what you lose
Miss the July 31 deadline and you can still file a belated return until December 31 — but it costs a ₹5,000 late fee (even if you owe no tax), interest on unpaid tax, and the right to carry forward capital and F&O losses. Here's exactly what missing the deadline costs and your options after.
How to e-verify your ITR and what happens if you don't within 30 days
Filing your ITR is incomplete until you verify it — and you have only 30 days. An unverified return is treated as never filed, risking penalties and lost refunds. Aadhaar OTP verifies in under two minutes. Here are all five e-verification methods and what happens after.
Which ITR form should you file for AY 2026-27: ITR-1 vs ITR-2 vs ITR-3 vs ITR-4
Filing the wrong ITR form triggers a defective return notice. ITR-1 works for salary + interest up to ₹50L with LTCG under ₹1.25L. Sold equity above ₹1.25L? You need ITR-2. Traded F&O or freelance? ITR-3 is mandatory even for one trade. Here's the full decision table for salaried employees.
F&O trading losses: how they are taxed, whether you can set them off against salary, and what June 15 means for traders
F&O income is business income — not capital gains. You file ITR-3, pay tax at slab rate, and cannot set off F&O losses against salary income. SEBI data shows 93% of F&O traders lost money. Losses carry forward 8 years. And if you trade F&O profitably, today (June 15) is your advance tax instalment deadline.
FD interest: how it is taxed, TDS rules, and the accrual trap that catches most ITR filers
FD interest is fully taxable at your slab rate — TDS at 10% is not the final tax. For a ₹80,000 FD interest in the 20% bracket, you owe ₹8,000 more after TDS. Cumulative FDs accrue interest each year and must be declared annually, not at maturity. Your AIS will show more than your TDS certificate.
How is gratuity taxed: the ₹20 lakh lifetime exemption, when it becomes taxable, and TDS
Gratuity is tax-free up to ₹20 lakh — but that is a lifetime limit across all employers. If you received ₹5 lakh gratuity 10 years ago and get ₹18 lakh now, only ₹15 lakh of the new gratuity is exempt, and ₹3 lakh is taxable. Here's how the Section 10(10) exemption is calculated for covered and uncovered employers.
Section 80C deductions: complete list for FY 2025-26, what qualifies, and how to use the ₹1.5 lakh limit
Section 80C gives you ₹1.5 lakh in deductions — but EPF already uses part of it automatically. At ₹40,000 basic salary, EPF alone accounts for ₹57,600. This guide lists all 12 qualifying instruments, confirms what doesn't qualify (health insurance, employer PF), and shows how to fill the remaining limit efficiently.
TDS on salary: how your employer calculates it, why you might be overpaying, and how to fix it
Your employer deducts TDS under Section 192 based on a projection of your annual salary. If you haven't submitted investment declarations (Form 12BB), they assume no deductions — and deduct far more than you owe. This guide explains the exact formula, the job-switcher trap, and how to verify and recover excess TDS.
What is AIS (Annual Information Statement) and how to reconcile it before filing your ITR
AIS shows every rupee of income reported in your name by banks, employers, and brokers. An ITR that doesn't match AIS triggers an automated notice. This guide explains each AIS category, the FD interest accrual trap most salaried employees miss, and how to reconcile step by step.
What is Form 16 and how to use it to file your ITR: a complete guide for FY 2025-26
Form 16 is your employer's TDS certificate — the single document that maps to almost every field in your ITR. This guide explains Part A vs Part B, how to use each field when filing, common errors to catch, and what to do if your employer hasn't issued it by June 15.
How to file ITR for salaried employees FY 2025-26 (AY 2026-27): a step-by-step guide
The July 31, 2026 deadline is three weeks away. This step-by-step guide covers which form to pick (ITR-1 vs ITR-2), how to reconcile your AIS, the new two-property ITR-1 rule, and how to e-verify so your filing is actually valid.
Advance tax for salaried employees FY 2025-26: who needs to pay, when, and how to calculate it
Your employer's TDS covers your salary — but not FD interest, rent, capital gains, or freelance income. If the tax on these crosses ₹10,000, advance tax is due. First instalment: 15 June 2026.
How HRA exemption is calculated: the new 8-metro rule, rent to parents, and what changed from April 2026
HRA exemption is the lowest of three calculated amounts, not the full HRA on your payslip. From 1 April 2026, the metro city list expanded from 4 to 8: Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune, and Ahmedabad now qualify for the 50% limit. This article shows the math for both FY 2025-26 returns and FY 2026-27 planning, with rent-to-parents documentation, the new Form 124 disclosure, mid-year city changes, and Section 80GG for those without HRA.
HRA Exemption in the New Tax Regime: What You Need to Know
HRA exemption is not available in the new tax regime. If you pay significant rent, this is one of the key reasons the old regime may save you more. Here is the full picture.
New Tax Regime Slabs and Rates for FY 2025-26
The complete new tax regime slab table for FY 2025-26 with the Budget 2025 revisions. Includes surcharge rates, education cess, and effective tax at each income level.
Section 87A Rebate: Zero Tax up to ₹12 Lakh in the New Regime
Section 87A gives you a 100% rebate on income tax if your taxable income is ₹12 lakh or less under the new regime. Here is exactly how it works, including marginal relief.
New Tax Regime for Salaried Employees: What You Actually Pay
For most salaried employees in India, the new tax regime results in lower or zero tax in FY 2025-26. Here is exactly what you pay at every income level and how to switch.
Standard Deduction in New Tax Regime: ₹75,000 for Salaried Employees
The ₹75,000 standard deduction is now available under the new tax regime too. Here is exactly how it works, who qualifies, and how it affects your take-home.
New Tax Regime Deductions You Can Still Claim
The new regime removes most deductions but not all. Here are the deductions you can still claim — including standard deduction, employer NPS, and family pension relief.
EPF vs PPF vs NPS: which retirement savings option is better for salaried Indians in FY 2025-26?
EPF is mandatory, PPF is safe and guaranteed, NPS gives the extra ₹50,000 deduction. Here's how all three work, what they return, and how a salaried Indian should think about using all three together.
New Tax Regime vs Old Tax Regime: Which Is Better for You?
A direct comparison of new and old tax regimes for FY 2025-26. The answer depends entirely on your deductions — here is how to find out which saves you more.
New Tax Regime: How It Works
The new tax regime offers lower, simplified slabs but strips out most deductions. Here is exactly how it works, what changed in Budget 2025, and who it suits.
Old vs new tax regime FY 2025-26: which is better for salaried employees?
Side-by-side tax comparison at ₹8L–₹25L salary, the exact deduction amount at which the old regime wins, and a worked example with HRA and home loan. Numbers-first guide for FY 2025–26.
New tax regime FY 2025-26: complete guide for salaried employees
Zero tax up to ₹12.75 lakh, new income tax slabs, what deductions you lose, and how to decide between old and new regime. A numbers-first guide for salaried Indians.